Kuti tiite zvakanaka mukugadzira uye kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki, isu tinofanirwa kunzwisisa mhando uye mashandisiro epurasitiki.
Plastiki rudzi rweakakwira mamorekuru macomputer (macrolecule) ayo akaumbiridzwa nekuwedzera polymerization kana polycondensation reaction ne monomer kunge mbishi zvinhu. Kune akawanda marudzi epurasitiki ane akasiyana zvivakwa, asi zviri nyore kuve akareruka uremu, nyore kuumba, nyore kuwana mbishi zvinhu uye yakaderera mumutengo, kunyanya yakanakisa ngura kuramba, kuputira uye kupisa kuchengetedza, kukanganisa kusagadzikana zvivakwa zviri zvakanyanya inoshandiswa muindasitiri uye hupenyu hwevanhu.
Hunhu hwePurasitiki:
(1) Huru zvinoriumba zvepurasitiki mbishi zvinhu zviri polymer chizvaro inonzi nebwe.
(2) Chipurasitiki chine kuputira kwakanaka kwemagetsi, kupisa uye kurira: kuputisa magetsi, arc kuramba, kupisa kupisa, kurira kwekudzivirira, kupinza kwezwi, kudhizaidza, kuita kwakanaka kwekudzora ruzha.
(3), yakanaka processability, kuburikidza jekiseni kuumbwa, inogona kugadzirwa zvigadzirwa neyakaomarara chimiro, yakagadzikana saizi uye mhando yakanaka munguva pfupi kwazvo.
(4) Plastiki mbishi zvinhu: irwo rudzi rwezvinhu zvine polymer synthetic resin (polymer) sechinhu chikuru, ichipinda mukati mezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekubatsira kana zvimwe zvinowedzerwa nekushandisa chaiko, kuva neplasticity uye fluidity pasi peimwe tembiricha uye kumanikidza, izvo zvinogona yakaumbwa mune chimwe chimiro uye chengetedza chimiro chisina kuchinjika pasi pemamwe mamiriro ..
Mapurasitiki kupatsanura
Zvinoenderana neyakaumbwa mamorekuru eiyo synthetic resin, epurasitiki mbishi zvinhu zvinonyanya kusanganisira epurasitiki uye thermosetting mapurasitiki: epurasitiki epurmoplastic, epurasitiki zvinhu izvo zvichiri mapurasitiki mushure mekudzokororwa kudziyisa zvakanyanya PE / PP / PVC / PS / ABS / PMMA / POM / PC / PA uye nezvimwe zvakajairika zvigadzirwa. Thermosetting plastiki inonyanya kureva plastiki inogadzirwa nekupisa uye kuomesa synthetic resin, senge imwe phenolic plastiki uye amino plastiki. Polymer inoumbwa neakawanda madiki uye akapusa mamorekuru (monomer) ne covalent bond.
Kupatsanura zvichienderana nehunhu hweresini panguva yekupisa uye kutonhora
(1) Thermoset mapurasitiki: mushure mekupisa, iyo mamorekuru mamiriro ichasanganiswa kuita network network. Kana yangosanganiswa kuita network polymer,
hazvizoreruke kunyangwe mushure mekudzoreredza, zvichiratidza izvo zvinonzi [zvisingachinjiki shanduko], izvo zvinokonzereswa neshanduko yechimiro chemolekyuli (shanduko yemakemikari).
(2), thermoplastics: zvinoreva ipurasitiki iyo inonyungudika mushure mekudziya, kuyerera kune chakuvhuvhu kutonhora nekuumba, uye wozonyungudika mushure mekudziya. Inogona kudziirwa uye kutonhodzwa kuti ibudise [shanduko inodzoserwa] (mvura ← → yakasimba), inova iyo inonzi shanduko yemuviri.
A. General mapurasitiki: ABS, PVC.PS.PE
B. General mainjiniya mapurasitiki: PA.PC, PBT, POM, PET
C. Super mainjiniya mapurasitiki: PPS. LCP
Zvinoenderana nehukuru hwekushandisa, pane kazhinji mapurasitiki akadai sePI / PP / PVC / PS uye mapurasitiki einjiniya akadai seABS / POM / PC / PA. Uye zvakare, kune mamwe akakosha epurasitiki, senge yakanyanya tembiricha uye mwando kuramba, ngura kuramba uye mamwe mapurasitiki akagadziridzwa kune akakosha zvinangwa.
2. Kupatsanura nekushandisa mapurasitiki
(1) General mapurasitiki imhando yepurasitiki inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Kuburitsa kwayo kwakakura, kuverengera kwemakota matatu ehuwandu hwepurasitiki, uye mutengo wayo wakaderera. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira zvinodikanwa zvezuva nezuva zvine kushushikana kudiki, senge TV ganda, nharembozha, bheseni repurasitiki, dhiramu repurasitiki, nezvimwewo Ine hukama hwepedyo nevanhu uye yave mbiru yakakosha yeindasitiri yepurasitiki. Anowanzo shandiswa akajairwa mapurasitiki ari PE, PVC, PS, PP, PF, UF, MF, nezvimwe.
(2) Mapurasitiki einjiniya Kunyangwe mutengo weplastics yakajairika uri pasi, michina yayo, kupisa kwetembiricha uye kuramba ngura zvinonetsa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemuchina mune imwe mainjiniya nemidziyo. Naizvozvo, mainjiniya mapurasitiki akatanga kuvapo. Iyo ine yakakwira michini simba uye kuomarara, inogona kutsiva imwe simbi kana isiri-ferrous zvinhu, uye inogona kugadzira michina zvikamu kana enjiniya kunetseka zvikamu zvine yakaoma dhizaini, mazhinji acho anoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura iwo epakutanga Iwo akajairika mainjiniya mapurasitiki ari PA, ABS, PSF, PTFE, POM uye PC.
(3) Yakakosha epurasitiki mbishi zvinhu, zvine yakasarudzika mashandiro, inogona kushandiswa mune dzimwe nhambo dzakakosha, senge magineti kuitisa mapurasitiki, ionomer mapurasitiki, maparera mapurasitiki, mafotoinitive mapurasitiki, ekurapa mapurasitiki, nezvimwe.
Kushanda kwemhando gumi mapurasitiki resin:
1. General mapurasitiki
(1) .PP (polypropylene): iyo mwenje ine hwema hwe peturu, iwo murazvo kumashure kwerudzi bhuruu; mvura inoyerera.
Homopolymer PP: inochinja, inogona kutsva, waya yekudhirowa, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, bhodhi, zvigadzirwa zvezuva nezuva.
Copolymerized PP: ruvara rwechisikigo, unopfuta, midziyo yemagetsi, midziyo yemumba zvishongedzo, midziyo.
Random copolymerization PP: yakajeka kwazvo, inopisa, zvishandiso zvekurapa, midziyo yezvikafu, zvigadzirwa zvekurongedza
(2) .ABS (polystyrene butadiene propylene copolymer): kupenya kwakanyanya, kupisa utsi, kunhuwirira kunhuhwirira; kunyudza mvura
ABS mbishi zvinhu: kukwirira kuoma uye simba, zvinobata moto; yemagetsi goko, ndiro, maturusi, zviridzwa
Shanduko yeABS: kuwedzera kuomarara uye murazvo unodzora, usingatsve; auto zvikamu, zvemagetsi zvikamu
(3) .PVC (polyvinyl chloride): kunhuwa kweklorini ichipisa, girini pazasi pemurazvo; kunyudza mvura
Vanachandagwinyira PVC: mukuru simba uye kuomarara, murazvo retardant; zvekuvakisa, mapaipi
Yakapfava PVC: inochinjika uye nyore kugadzirisa, yakaoma kupisa; matoyi, hunyanzvi, zvishongo
2. Mapurasitiki einjiniya
(1) .PC (polycarbonate): yero murazvo, hutema hutema, yakakosha kuravira, yakanyudzwa mvura; yakaoma, yakajeka pachena, murazvo-unodzora; nhare yedhijitari, CD, yakatungamirwa, zvezuva nezuva zvinodiwa
(2) .PC / ABS (chiwanikwa): yakakosha hwema, yero nhema dema utsi, yakanyudzwa mvura; kuomarara kuomarara, chena, murazvo-unodzora; zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, kesi yekushandisa, michina yekutaurirana
(3) .PA (polyamide PA6, PA66): inononoka zvisikwa, hutsi hweyero, kupisa hwema hwebvudzi; kuoma, kukwirira kwesimba, murazvo unodzora; zvishandiso, zvemuchina zvikamu, zvemagetsi zvikamu
(4) .POM (polyformaldehyde): unopisa tip yero, wezasi magumo ebhuruu, formaldehyde hwema; kuomarara, kusimba, kupisa; giya, zvemuchina zvikamu
(5) .PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate); yakasarudzika pungent kuravira: yakakwira mwenje transmittance; plexiglass, mabasa emaoko, zvishongo, kurongedza, kuteedzera kwefirimu
3. Elastomer plastiki
(1) .TPU (polyurethane): kuravira kwakakosha; kusimba kwakanaka, kuomarara uye kupfeka kuramba, zvinobatira moto; michina zvikamu, zvemagetsi zvikamu
(2) .TPE: kunhuwirira kwakakosha, yero murazvo; SEBS yakagadziridzwa, kuomarara kwemuviri kuchinjika, yakanaka kemikari chivakwa, zvinobata moto; matoyi, yechipiri jekiseni mubato, mubato wesaga mabhegi, tambo, auto zvikamu, zvemitambo midziyo
Pane mhando ina epurasitiki Kuumbwa michina: jekiseni Kuumbwa, extrusion Kuumbwa, calendering Kuumbwa uye Kuumbwa. Jekiseni Kuumbwa ndiyo huru muitiro kuwana yakaoma mamiriro uye nemazvo saizi epurasitiki zvikamu. Jekiseni kugadzirwa kunoda kuvimba nezvinhu zvitatu zvejekiseni muforoma, jekiseni muchina uye epurasitiki mbishi zvigadzirwa kupedzisa system.Mestech inotarisa kupurasitiki jekiseni muforoma kugadzira uye epurasitiki zvikamu zvekuumba kweanopfuura makore gumi, uye yakaunganidza hupfumi tekinoroji uye ruzivo. Isu takatsaurirwa kukupa iwe yekugadzira yekuumba uye epurasitiki zvikamu zvekuumba masevhisi, ndapota taura nesu.
Post nguva: Oct-16-2020